localStorage and sessionStorage in Angular 6

localStorage and sessionStorage, part of the web storage API, are two great tools to save key/value pairs locally. If you click the save button at the top of this post, localStorage is what’s used to store your saved posts.

Both localStorage and sessionStorage offer advantages compared to using cookies:

• The data is saved locally only and can’t be read by the server, which eliminates the security issue that cookies present.
• It allows for much more data to be saved (10Mb for most browsers).
• It’s simpler to use and the syntax is very straightforward.

It’s also supported in all modern browsers, so you can use it today without an issue. Obviously, since the data can’t be read on the server, cookies still have a use, especially when it comes to authentication.

🏋️‍♂️ Recommended course _⤵

Wes Bos' ES6 for Everyone!

localStorage vs sessionStorage

localStorage and sessionStorage accomplish the exact same thing and have the same API, but with sessionStorage the data is persisted only until the window or tab is closed, while with localStorage the data is persisted until the user manually clears the browser cache or until your web app clears the data. The examples in this post are for localStorage, but the same syntax works for sessionStorage.

Creating Entries

Create key/value pair entries with localStorage.setItem, providing a key and a value:

let key = 'Item 1';
localStorage.setItem(key, 'Value');

Reading Entries

Read entries with localStorage.getItem:

let myItem = localStorage.getItem(key);

Updating Entries

Update an entry just as you would create a new one with setItem, but with a key that already exists:

localStorage.setItem(key, 'New Value');

Deleting Entries

Delete an entry with the removeItem method:

localStorage.removeItem(key);

Clearing Everything

Here’s how to clear everything that’s stored in localStorage:

localStorage.clear();

Storing Json Objects

Only strings can be stored with localStorage or sessionStorage, but you can use JSON.stringify to store more complex objects and JSON.parse to read them:

// Create item:
let myObj = { name: 'Skip', breed: 'Labrador' };
localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(myObj));

// Read item:
let item = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(key));

Checking for Items

Here’s how you can test for the presence of items in the loclaStorage:

if (localStorage.length > 0) {
  // We have items
} else {
  // No items
}

Checking for Support

Test for localStorage support by checking if it’s available on the window object:

if (window.localStorage) {
  // localStorage supported
}

Iterating Over Items

localStorage or sessionStorage don’t have a forEach method, but you can iterate over the items with a good old for loop:

for (let i = 0; i < localStorage.length; i++){
  let key = localStorage.key(i);
  let value = localStorage.getItem(key);
  console.log(key, value);
}

Async and Await

Async. A river rushes along with no interruptions. Now imagine another river some distance away. It too flows with no interruptions. A bird's song can be heard.

With async and await in C# we call functions in an asynchronous way. Like the rivers these tasks can run with no interference. Many things happen at once.

Task:A Task returns no value (it is void). A Task<int> returns an element of type int. This is a generic type.

Note:An async method will be run synchronously if it does not contain the await keyword.

First program. We use the async and await keywords to asynchronously run a method. The program begins a long-running method (HandleFileAsync).

First:We create a Task instance by calling the HandleFileAsync method. The task starts, and we call Wait() for it to finish.

Messages:The method displays a status message after it starts. When it ends, the results are displayed.

HandleFileAsync:In HandleFileAsync, we use the StreamReader type and await the ReadToEndAsync method. We perform some computations.

Based on: .NET (2018)

C# program that uses async, await, Task

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Start the HandleFile method.
        Task<int> task = HandleFileAsync();

        // Control returns here before HandleFileAsync returns.
        // ... Prompt the user.
        Console.WriteLine("Please wait patiently " +
            "while I do something important.");

        // Do something at the same time as the file is being read.
        string line = Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine("You entered (asynchronous logic): " + line);

        // Wait for the HandleFile task to complete.
        // ... Display its results.
        task.Wait();
        var x = task.Result;
        Console.WriteLine("Count: " + x);

        Console.WriteLine("[DONE]");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    static async Task<int> HandleFileAsync()
    {
        string file = @"C:\programs\enable1.txt";
        Console.WriteLine("HandleFile enter");
        int count = 0;

        // Read in the specified file.
        // ... Use async StreamReader method.
        using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(file))
        {
            string v = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();

            // ... Process the file data somehow.
            count += v.Length;

            // ... A slow-running computation.
            //     Dummy code.
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
            {
                int x = v.GetHashCode();
                if (x == 0)
                {
                    count--;
                }
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine("HandleFile exit");
        return count;
    }
}

Output: initial

HandleFile enter
Please wait patiently while I do something important.

Output: part 2

HandleFile enter
Please wait patiently while I do something important.
test
You entered (asynchronous logic): test

Output: final

HandleFile enter
Please wait patiently while I do something important.
test
You entered (asynchronous logic): test
HandleFile exit
Count: 1916146
[DONE]

Above, the slow computation done in HandlFileAsync is for demonstration. If you change the path to a large text file that exists on your computer, the program should work.

Note:We can do something (such as write a message) after the async method starts. This is not possible with synchronous methods.

Important:We must be careful to call Wait() on the task we want to wait for. Sometimes the wrong Task can be waited on.

Simple example. This program runs a computation asynchronously on every line entered in the console. It keeps accepting lines even when computations are running.

Action:A lambda expression is specified as the argument to Task.Run. This is an action delegate.

Action

Allocate:This method does a slow-running computation. But when run asynchronously, it does not cause the program to freeze.

Result:Many user inputs can be handled while the computation is running. Each Allocate() call finishes at its own pace.

C# program that uses async computation

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        while (true)
        {
            // Start computation.
            Example();
            // Handle user input.
            string result = Console.ReadLine();
            Console.WriteLine("You typed: " + result);
        }
    }

    static async void Example()
    {
        // This method runs asynchronously.
        int t = await Task.Run(() => Allocate());
        Console.WriteLine("Compute: " + t);
    }

    static int Allocate()
    {
        // Compute total count of digits in strings.
        int size = 0;
        for (int z = 0; z < 100; z++)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)
            {
                string value = i.ToString();
                size += value.Length;
            }
        }
        return size;
    }
}

Output

hello
You typed: hello
good
You typed: good
day
You typed: day
Compute: 588889000
friend
You typed: friend
Compute: 588889000
Compute: 588889000
Compute: 588889000
Compute: 588889000

Main method. The async keyword cannot be used on the Main method. So we will need to add a second method before using an await call.

C# program that causes compile-time error

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program
{
    static async void Main()
    {
    }
}

Output

error CS4009: 'Program.Main()': an entry point cannot be marked
    with the 'async' modifier

A pattern. Async and await are a code pattern—they allow methods to asynchronously run. They are a form of syntactic sugar. They make code that uses threads easier to read.

Complexity. With async and await, the compiler helps with asynchronous code. We return a Task or void from an async method. Visual Studio reports warnings or errors on incorrect methods.

Types (StreamReader, HttpClient) contain "Async" methods. These should be called with the await keyword. And the await keyword must be used within an async method.StreamReaderHttpClient

Task.Start:The first async method call can occur with the Task Start method. This is an instance method.

Also:Event handlers can be used with async methods. This is not currently shown here.

ReadToEndAsync. When can ReadToEndAsync lead to a performance gain in a program? When we have high CPU usage with a file load, we can speed up completion time with async and await.StreamReader ReadToEndAsync

Asynchronous. This term does not mean multithreaded code. By default, code written with async and await is single-threaded. But threaded code works well here.Threads

Task.Run. With the Task.Run method, we can make code that uses async and await multithreaded. Asynchronous code is code that returns upon completion.

And:Other code can execute (even on the same thread) after an asynchronous task has started.

Some corrections. Thanks to Donnie Karns for pointing out that async code statements are not (by default) run on another thread. Thanks to Jim Boyer for correcting a "nested" task problem.

And:Thanks to Andrew Dennison for reviewing the Allocate() method code which had an unnecessary statement.

Quote:The async and await keywords don't cause additional threads to be created. Async methods don't require multithreading because an async method doesn't run on its own thread.

Eager Loading in Entity Framework:

Eager loading is the process whereby a query for one type of entity also loads related entities as part of the query, so that we don't need to execute a separate query for related entities. Eager loading is achieved using the Include() method.

In the following example, it gets all the students from the database along with its standards using the Include() method.

LINQ Query Syntax:

using (var context = new SchoolDBEntities())
{
    var stud1 = (from s in context.Students.Include("Standard")
                where s.StudentName == "Bill"
                select s).FirstOrDefault<Student>();
}

LINQ Method Syntax:

using (var ctx = new SchoolDBEntities())
{
    var stud1 = ctx.Students
                   .Include("Standard")
                   .Where(s => s.StudentName == "Bill")
                   .FirstOrDefault<Student>();
}

The above LINQ queries will result in following SQL query:

SELECT TOP (1) 
[Extent1].[StudentID] AS [StudentID], 
[Extent1].[StudentName] AS [StudentName], 
[Extent2].[StandardId] AS [StandardId], 
[Extent2].[StandardName] AS [StandardName], 
[Extent2].[Description] AS [Description]
FROM  [dbo].[Student] AS [Extent1]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Standard] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[StandardId] = [Extent2].[StandardId]
WHERE 'Bill' = [Extent1].[StudentName]

Use Lambda Expression:

You can also use the LINQ lambda expression as a parameter in the Include method. For this, take a reference of System.Data.Entity namespace and use the lambda expression as shown below:

using System;
using System.Data.Entity; 
   
class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        using (var ctx = new SchoolDBEntities())
        {
            var stud1 = ctx.Students.Include(s => s.Standard)
                            .Where(s => s.StudentName == "Bill")
                            .FirstOrDefault<Student>();
        }
    }
}

Load Multiple Entities:

You can also eagerly load multiple levels of related entities. The following example query eagerly loads the Student, Standard and Teacher entities:

using (var ctx = new SchoolDBEntities())
{
    var stud1 = ctx.Students.Include("Standard.Teachers")
                    .Where(s => s.StudentName == "Bill")
                    .FirstOrDefault<Student>();
}

Or use the lambda expression as below:

using (var ctx = new SchoolDBEntities())
{
    var stud1 = ctx.Students.Include(s => s.Standard.Teachers)
                    .Where(s => s.StudentName == "Bill")
                    .FirstOrDefault<Student>();
}

The above query will execute the following SQL query in the database:

SELECT [Project2].[StudentID] AS [StudentID], 
[Project2].[StudentName] AS [StudentName], 
[Project2].[StandardId] AS [StandardId], 
[Project2].[StandardName] AS [StandardName], 
[Project2].[Description] AS [Description], 
[Project2].[C1] AS [C1], 
[Project2].[TeacherId] AS [TeacherId], 
[Project2].[TeacherName] AS [TeacherName], 
[Project2].[StandardId1] AS [StandardId1]
FROM ( SELECT 
    [Limit1].[StudentID] AS [StudentID], 
    [Limit1].[StudentName] AS [StudentName], 
    [Limit1].[StandardId1] AS [StandardId], 
    [Limit1].[StandardName] AS [StandardName], 
    [Limit1].[Description] AS [Description], 
    [Project1].[TeacherId] AS [TeacherId], 
    [Project1].[TeacherName] AS [TeacherName], 
    [Project1].[StandardId] AS [StandardId1], 
    CASE WHEN ([Project1].[TeacherId] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS int) ELSE 1 END AS [C1]
    FROM   (SELECT TOP (1) [Extent1].[StudentID] AS [StudentID], [Extent1].[StudentName] AS [StudentName], [Extent1].[StandardId] AS [StandardId2], [Extent2].[StandardId] AS [StandardId1], [Extent2].[StandardName] AS [StandardName], [Extent2].[Description] AS [Description]
        FROM  [dbo].[Student] AS [Extent1]
        LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Standard] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[StandardId] = [Extent2].[StandardId]
        WHERE 'updated student' = [Extent1].[StudentName] ) AS [Limit1]
    LEFT OUTER JOIN  (SELECT 
        [Extent3].[TeacherId] AS [TeacherId], 
        [Extent3].[TeacherName] AS [TeacherName], 
        [Extent3].[StandardId] AS [StandardId]
        FROM [dbo].[Teacher] AS [Extent3]
        WHERE [Extent3].[StandardId] IS NOT NULL ) AS [Project1] ON [Limit1].[StandardId2] = [Project1].[StandardId]
)  AS [Project2]
ORDER BY [Project2].[StudentID] ASC, [Project2].[StandardId] ASC, [Project2].[C1] ASC

Entity Framework Code First Migrations

This walkthrough will provide an overview Code First Migrations in Entity Framework. You can either complete the entire walkthrough or skip to the topic you are interested in. The following topics are covered:

Building an Initial Model & Database

Before we start using migrations we need a project and a Code First model to work with. For this walkthrough we are going to use the canonical Blog and Postmodel.

• Create a new MigrationsDemo Console application
• Add the latest version of the EntityFramework NuGet package to the project
  • Tools –> Library Package Manager –> Package Manager Console
  • Run the Install-Package EntityFramework command
• Add a Model.cs file with the code shown below. This code defines a single Blog class that makes up our domain model and a BlogContext class that is our EF Code First context

    using System.Data.Entity;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
    using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;

    namespace MigrationsDemo
    {
        public class BlogContext : DbContext
        {
            public DbSet<Blog> Blogs { get; set; }
        }

        public class Blog
        {
            public int BlogId { get; set; }
            public string Name { get; set; }
        }
    }

• Now that we have a model it’s time to use it to perform data access. Update the Program.cs file with the code shown below.

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;

    namespace MigrationsDemo
    {
        class Program
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                using (var db = new BlogContext())
                {
                    db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "Another Blog " });
                    db.SaveChanges();

                    foreach (var blog in db.Blogs)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(blog.Name);
                    }
                }

                Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...");
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
        }
    }

• Run your application and you will see that a MigrationsCodeDemo.BlogContext database is created for you. If SQL Express is installed (included in Visual Studio 2010) then the database is created on your local SQL Express instance (.\SQLEXPRESS). If SQL Express is not installed then Code First will try and use LocalDb ((localdb)\v11.0) - LocalDb is included with Visual Studio 2012. Note: SQL Express will always get precedence if it is installed, even if you are using Visual Studio 2012
  
  (LocaDb Database)
  
  (SQL Express Database)

Enabling Migrations

It’s time to make some more changes to our model.

• Let’s introduce a Url property to the Blog class.

    public string Url { get; set; }

If you were to run the application again you would get an InvalidOperationException stating The model backing the 'BlogContext' context has changed since the database was created. Consider using Code First Migrations to update the database.

As the exception suggests, it’s time to start using Code First Migrations. The first step is to enable migrations for our context.

• Run the Enable-Migrations command in Package Manager Console

This command has added a Migrations folder to our project, this new folder contains two files:

• The Configuration class. This class allows you to configure how Migrations behaves for your context. For this walkthrough we will just use the default configuration. Because there is just a single Code First context in your project, Enable-Migrations has automatically filled in the context type this configuration applies to.
• An InitialCreate migration. This migration was generated because we already had Code First create a database for us, before we enabled migrations. The code in this scaffolded migration represents the objects that have already been created in the database. In our case that is the Blog table with a BlogId and Namecolumns. The filename includes a timestamp to help with ordering. If the database had not already been created this InitialCreate migration would not have been added to the project. Instead, the first time we call Add-Migration the code to create these tables would be scaffolded to a new migration.

Multiple Models Targeting the Same Database

When using versions prior to EF6, only one Code First model could be used to generate/manage the schema of a database. This is the result of a single __MigrationsHistory table per database with no way to identify which entries belong to which model.

Starting with EF6, the Configuration class includes a ContextKey property. This acts as a unique identifier for each Code First model. A corresponding column in the __MigrationsHistory table allows entries from multiple models to share the table. By default, this property is set to the fully qualified name of your context.

Generating & Running Migrations

Code First Migrations has two primary commands that you are going to become familiar with.

• Add-Migration will scaffold the next migration based on changes you have made to your model since the last migration was created
• Update-Database will apply any pending migrations to the database

We need to scaffold a migration to take care of the new Url property we have added. The Add-Migration command allows us to give these migrations a name, let’s just call ours AddBlogUrl.

• Run the Add-Migration AddBlogUrl command in Package Manager Console
• In the Migrations folder we now have a new AddBlogUrl migration. The migration filename is pre-fixed with a timestamp to help with ordering

    namespace MigrationsDemo.Migrations
    {
        using System;
        using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
        
        public partial class AddBlogUrl : DbMigration
        {
            public override void Up()
            {
                AddColumn("dbo.Blogs", "Url", c => c.String());
            }
            
            public override void Down()
            {
                DropColumn("dbo.Blogs", "Url");
            }
        }
    }

We could now edit or add to this migration but everything looks pretty good. Let’s use Update-Database to apply this migration to the database.

• Run the Update-Database command in Package Manager Console
• Code First Migrations will compare the migrations in our Migrations folder with the ones that have been applied to the database. It will see that the AddBlogUrl migration needs to be applied, and run it.

The MigrationsDemo.BlogContext database is now updated to include the Url column in the Blogs table.

Customizing Migrations

So far we’ve generated and run a migration without making any changes. Now let’s look at editing the code that gets generated by default.

• It’s time to make some more changes to our model, let’s add a new Rating property to the Blog class

    public int Rating { get; set; }

• Let's also add a new Post class

    public class Post
    {
        public int PostId { get; set; }
        [MaxLength(200)]
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public string Content { get; set; }

        public int BlogId { get; set; }
        public Blog Blog { get; set; }
    }

• We'll also add a Posts collection to the Blog class to form the other end of the relationship between Blog and Post

    public virtual List<Post> Posts { get; set; }

We'll use the Add-Migration command to let Code First Migrations scaffold its best guess at the migration for us. We’re going to call this migration AddPostClass.

• Run the Add-Migration AddPostClass command in Package Manager Console.

Code First Migrations did a pretty good job of scaffolding these changes, but there are some things we might want to change:

1. First up, let’s add a unique index to Posts.Title column (Adding in line 22 & 29 in the code below).
2. We’re also adding a non-nullable Blogs.Rating column. If there is any existing data in the table it will get assigned the CLR default of the data type for new column (Rating is integer, so that would be 0). But we want to specify a default value of 3 so that existing rows in the Blogs table will start with a decent rating. (You can see the default value specified on line 24 of the code below)

    namespace MigrationsDemo.Migrations
    {
        using System;
        using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
        
        public partial class AddPostClass : DbMigration
        {
            public override void Up()
            {
                CreateTable(
                    "dbo.Posts",
                    c => new
                        {
                            PostId = c.Int(nullable: false, identity: true),
                            Title = c.String(maxLength: 200),
                            Content = c.String(),
                            BlogId = c.Int(nullable: false),
                        })
                    .PrimaryKey(t => t.PostId)
                    .ForeignKey("dbo.Blogs", t => t.BlogId, cascadeDelete: true)
                    .Index(t => t.BlogId)
                    .Index(p => p.Title, unique: true);

                AddColumn("dbo.Blogs", "Rating", c => c.Int(nullable: false, defaultValue: 3));
            }
            
            public override void Down()
            {
                DropIndex("dbo.Posts", new[] { "Title" });
                DropIndex("dbo.Posts", new[] { "BlogId" });
                DropForeignKey("dbo.Posts", "BlogId", "dbo.Blogs");
                DropColumn("dbo.Blogs", "Rating");
                DropTable("dbo.Posts");
            }
        }
    }

Our edited migration is ready to go, so let’s use Update-Database to bring the database up-to-date. This time let’s specify the –Verbose flag so that you can see the SQL that Code First Migrations is running.

• Run the Update-Database –Verbose command in Package Manager Console.

Data Motion / Custom SQL

So far we have looked at migration operations that don’t change or move any data, now let’s look at something that needs to move some data around. There is no native support for data motion yet, but we can run some arbitrary SQL commands at any point in our script.

• Let’s add a Post.Abstract property to our model. Later, we’re going to pre-populate the Abstract for existing posts using some text from the start of the Content column.

    public string Abstract { get; set; }

We'll use the Add-Migration command to let Code First Migrations scaffold its best guess at the migration for us.

• Run the Add-Migration AddPostAbstract command in Package Manager Console.
• The generated migration takes care of the schema changes but we also want to pre-populate the Abstract column using the first 100 characters of content for each post. We can do this by dropping down to SQL and running an UPDATE statement after the column is added. (Adding in line 12 in the code below)

    namespace MigrationsDemo.Migrations
    {
        using System;
        using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;
        
        public partial class AddPostAbstract : DbMigration
        {
            public override void Up()
            {
                AddColumn("dbo.Posts", "Abstract", c => c.String());

                Sql("UPDATE dbo.Posts SET Abstract = LEFT(Content, 100) WHERE Abstract IS NULL");
            }
            
            public override void Down()
            {
                DropColumn("dbo.Posts", "Abstract");
            }
        }
    }

Our edited migration looks good, so let’s use Update-Database to bring the database up-to-date. We’ll specify the –Verbose flag so that we can see the SQL being run against the database.

• Run the Update-Database –Verbose command in Package Manager Console.

Migrate to a Specific Version (Including Downgrade)

So far we have always upgraded to the latest migration, but there may be times when you want upgrade/downgrade to a specific migration.

Let’s say we want to migrate our database to the state it was in after running our AddBlogUrl migration. We can use the –TargetMigration switch to downgrade to this migration.

• Run the Update-Database –TargetMigration: AddBlogUrl command in Package Manager Console.

This command will run the Down script for our AddBlogAbstract and AddPostClass migrations.

If you want to roll all the way back to an empty database then you can use the Update-Database –TargetMigration: $InitialDatabase command.

Getting a SQL Script

If another developer wants these changes on their machine they can just sync once we check our changes into source control. Once they have our new migrations they can just run the Update-Database command to have the changes applied locally. However if we want to push these changes out to a test server, and eventually production, we probably want a SQL script we can hand off to our DBA.

• Run the Update-Database command but this time specify the –Script flag so that changes are written to a script rather than applied. We’ll also specify a source and target migration to generate the script for. We want a script to go from an empty database ($InitialDatabase) to the latest version (migration AddPostAbstract). If you don’t specify a target migration, Migrations will use the latest migration as the target. If you don't specify a source migrations, Migrations will use the current state of the database.
• Run the Update-Database -Script -SourceMigration: $InitialDatabase -TargetMigration: AddPostAbstract command in Package Manager Console

Code First Migrations will run the migration pipeline but instead of actually applying the changes it will write them out to a .sql file for you. Once the script is generated, it is opened for you in Visual Studio, ready for you to view or save.

Generating Idempotent Scripts (EF6 onwards)

Starting with EF6, if you specify –SourceMigration $InitialDatabase then the generated script will be ‘idempotent’. Idempotent scripts can upgrade a database currently at any version to the latest version (or the specified version if you use –TargetMigration). The generated script includes logic to check the __MigrationsHistory table and only apply changes that haven't been previously applied.

Automatically Upgrading on Application Startup (MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion Initializer)

If you are deploying your application you may want it to automatically upgrade the database (by applying any pending migrations) when the application launches. You can do this by registering the MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion database initializer. A database initializer simply contains some logic that is used to make sure the database is setup correctly. This logic is run the first time the context is used within the application process (AppDomain).

We can update the Program.cs file, as shown below, to set the MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion initializer for BlogContext before we use the context (Line 14). Note that you also need to add a using statement for the System.Data.Entity namespace (Line 5).

When we create an instance of this initializer we need to specify the context type (BlogContext) and the migrations configuration (Configuration) - the migrations configuration is the class that got added to our Migrations folder when we enabled Migrations.

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Data.Entity;
    using MigrationsDemo.Migrations;

    namespace MigrationsDemo
    {
        class Program
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<BlogContext, Configuration>());

                using (var db = new BlogContext())
                {
                    db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "Another Blog " });
                    db.SaveChanges();

                    foreach (var blog in db.Blogs)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(blog.Name);
                    }
                }

                Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...");
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
        }
    }

Now whenever our application runs it will first check if the database it is targeting is up-to-date, and apply any pending migrations if it is not.

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/data/jj591621